在考场中,不看文章,先审题,就是成为阅读理解高手的第一步。
分类 = 只动题干,不动原文。第 1 步默认收起全文,就是防止先读文章被带偏、凭印象猜题。下面 4 道题直接演示怎么分:看题干信号词 → 对到速查表 → 打标签,判定结论见下方表格,一口气看完 4 题(先分完题,才带着"动作清单"进原文,那是第 2 步的事)。
干净版原文:无标黄、无题号角标——锚定是第 2 步的成果,这里不给。看完请收起,忍住不读。
Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that's not the thing he prides himself on. "I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me," Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect.
The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It's one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia.
Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn't afford on his sound engineer's salary and what they could, they didn't like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already established homes there that they decided to join.
The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he's tried his best to be a good steward not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years.
| 题型 | 常见标志词 | 找原文动作 |
|---|---|---|
| 细节 | What / Which / Who / When / Where | 定位原句,识别同义替换 |
| 推理 | infer / imply / suggest / would / can we conclude | 定位原句 + 串逻辑链 |
| 主旨 | title / main idea / topic / point out / best summarizes | 扫描全篇 + 找反复出现的关键词 |
| 段落 | paragraph X mainly about / function of paragraph | 锚定该段 + 读上下段 |
| 词义 | underlined word / refer to / means / closest in meaning | 定位原句 + 读上下 1-2 句 |
把上面 4 道题的题干信号对到速查表,判定如下(依据只看题干,不含原文锚定——找原文是第 2 步的事)。
| 题号 | 题干(判定信号) | 判定结论 |
|---|---|---|
| 24 | How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? | 细节 题干问"具体感受"——答案在文中可直接找到情感词,不需要推断 |
| 25 | What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? | 细节 题干问"决定性原因"这一具体事实,定位原句即可 |
| 26 | What can we learn about Reisley's house? | 细节 learn about + 房子的具体特征 = "文中可直接查到的事实"型 |
| 27 | What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? | 推理 决定动作的是信号词 inferred;"from the last paragraph" 只限定推断范围——别被带成"段落题" |
B 篇 4 题的锚定分布:3 题直接定位(24/25/26,全是细节题),B27(推理题)需要定位 + 串逻辑链。所有锚定句已标黄底 + 题号角标显示对应题号。B 篇是人物叙事文,句子偏口语——第 3 步长难句攻关的量会比 C 篇少。
Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that's not the thing he prides himself on. "I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,"24 Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect.
The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It's one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia.
Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn't afford on his sound engineer's salary and what they could, they didn't like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already established homes there that they decided to join.25
The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.26 Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he's tried his best to be a good steward not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings.27 Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years.
| 题号 | 锚定段 | 锚定句关键 | 找原文动作 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 段 1 | "I am the last original client…prides himself on" | 细节题 → 定位原句 |
| 25 | 段 3 | "greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families…decided to join" | 细节题 → 定位原句 |
| 26 | 段 4 头 | "made with local materials, has a flat roof" | 细节题 → 定位原句 |
| 27 | 段 4 后半 | "co-founded … engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings" | 推理题 → 定位 + 串逻辑链 |
4 题里只有 B27 需要攻关(B24/25/26 都有条件不满足,跳过;只有 B27 三条件全中)。攻关动作:砍枝留干。
| 判定标准(AND) | B24 锚定句 | B25 锚定句 | B26 锚定句 | B27 锚定句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 句长 > 20 词 | 否(12 词) | 是(23 词) | 否(13 词) | 是(24 词) |
| ≥ 2 层嵌套 | 否 | 否(定从 + 结果状从是平行,非嵌套) | 否 | 是(同位语 + 后置定语) |
| 与题相关 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 三条件全中? | ❌ 否 | ❌ 否 | ❌ 否 | ✅ 是,攻关 |
原句:He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings.
枝叶(先砍掉):"an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings"——同位语,解释 Building Conservancy 是什么
主干(砍完留的):He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy.
推出:Reisley 联合创办了一个专门保护 Frank Lloyd Wright 建筑的组织 → 推出"他对 Wright 建筑非常挂念"(这就是 B27 答案的来源)
4 题答案:24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A