| 类别 | 代替什么 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 人称代词 | 代替人或物 | I / me / he / him / they |
| 物主代词 | 代替"谁的" | my / mine / your / yours |
| 反身代词 | 动作回到自身 | myself / himself / themselves |
| 疑问代词 | 引导提问 | what / who / which / whose |
| 不定代词 | 代替不确定的人或物 | someone / anything / nobody / all |
| 指示代词 | 指明远近 | this / that / these / those |
| 关系代词 | 连接主从句 | who / which / that(在从句中讲) |
| 人称 | 主格 | 宾格 | 角色规则 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 第一人称单 | I | me | 演主语用I,演宾语用me |
| 第二人称 | you | you | 主格宾格同形(不变化) |
| 第三人称单 | he/she/it | him/her/it | he→him,she→her,it→it |
| 第一人称复 | we | us | we→us |
| 第三人称复 | they | them | they→them |
| 人称 | 形容词性(要跟名词) | 名词性(能独立) | 意思 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 第一人称单 | my | mine | 我的 |
| 第二人称 | your | yours | 你的 |
| 第三人称单(男) | his | his | 他的 |
| 第三人称单(女) | her | hers | 她的 |
| 第三人称单(物) | its | its | 它的 |
| 第一人称复 | our | ours | 我们的 |
| 第三人称复 | their | theirs | 他们的 |
| 人称 | 反身代词 |
|---|---|
| 第一人称单 | myself |
| 第二人称 | yourself / yourselves |
| 第三人称单 | himself / herself / itself |
| 第一人称复 | ourselves |
| 第三人称复 | themselves |
| 疑问词 | 问主语(陈述语序) | 问非主语(助动词提前) |
|---|---|---|
| What | What happened? | What do you like? |
| Who | Who is coming? | Who did you go with? |
| Which | Which is yours? | Which do you like? |
| Whose | Whose book is yours? | Whose book did you borrow? |
| 类别 | 主格/形容词性 | 宾格/名词性 | 核心规则 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 人称代词 | I/he/she/we/they | me/him/her/us/them | 主格演主语,宾格演宾语 |
| 物主代词 | my/your/his/her | mine/yours/his/hers | 形容词性跟名词,名词性独立站 |
| 反身代词 | myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/themselves | 强调(裸用)/独自(by+)/反身(动词宾语) | |
| 疑问代词 | what/who/which/whose | 问主语=陈述语序,问非主语=助动词提前 | |
| 数量 | 词 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 全部 | all | 全部 |
| 大多数 | most | — |
| 很多 | many / much | many 可数 / much 不可数 |
| 一些 | some / others / the others | ⭐难点1区分 others 与 the others(第3课详讲) |
| 少许(肯定) | a few / a little | a few 可数 / a little 不可数 — "有一些" |
| 两者(肯定) | both / either | both = 两个都;either = 两者之一 |
| 每个 | each / every | 逐一(every强调整体,each强调个体) |
| 一个 | one | 最小单位 |
| 数量 | 词 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 两者(否定) | neither | 两者之一否定 = 两个都不 |
| 少许(否定) | few / little | few 可数 / little 不可数 — "没多少" |
| 无 | none | 等于零 |
| 另一个 | other / the other / another | ⭐难点2五个词全混:other / others / the other / the others / another(第3课详讲) |
| 类别 | 举例 | 特点 |
|---|---|---|
| 非复合 | one, some, any, both, all, other, every, no | 独立单词(地基) |
| 复合 | everyone, somebody, anything, nobody, somewhere | 非复合+one/body/thing 等(大厦) |
| 量词\对象 | one (人) | body (人) | thing (物) | time (时间) | place (地点) | where (地点) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| every- | everyone | everybody | everything | every time | every place | everywhere |
| some- | someone | somebody | something | sometime | some place | somewhere |
| any- | anyone | anybody | anything | anytime | any place | anywhere |
| no- | no one nobody | nobody | nothing | no time | no place | nowhere |
| 量词\对象 | 人(one) | 人(body) | 物(thing) | 时间(time) | 地点(where) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| every- | everyone | everybody | everything | every time | everywhere |
| some- | someone | somebody | something | sometime | somewhere |
| any- | anyone | anybody | anything | anytime | anywhere |
| no- | no one | nobody | nothing | no time | nowhere |
| 词 | 含义 | 用法条件 | the? |
|---|---|---|---|
| other | 其他的 | 修饰名词(other + 名词) | 无the |
| others | 其他一些 | 代词,独立使用,复数 | 无the |
| the other | 另一个(确定的) | 两个中,一个...另一个 | 有the |
| the others | 剩下的全部 | 具体数字后,剩下的 | 有the |
| another | 再来一个 | 额外的,不限定范围 | 无the |
| 类别 | 代表词 | 核心规则 | 在哪课学 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 人称代词 | I/me, he/him, they | 主格演主语,宾格演宾语 | 第1课 |
| 物主代词 | my/mine, your/yours | 形容词性跟名词,名词性独立站 | 第1课 |
| 反身代词 | myself, himself | 强调/独自(by+)/反身动作 | 第1课 |
| 疑问代词 | what, who, which | 问主语不倒装,问非主语助动词提前 | 第1课 |
| 不定代词 | 非复合:one/some/any/both/all/other/every/no 复合:everyone/somebody/anything/nobody | 非复合是地基,复合=非复合+后缀 复合4量词×6对象矩阵,从多到少从有到无 | 第2课 |
| 指示代词 | this, that, these, those | 指明远近(不展开) | — |
| 关系代词 | who, which, that | 连接主从句(在从句中学) | — |
| 非复合明星·other | other/others/the other/the others/another | 看数量定用词,有the确定有s复数 | 第3课 |
| 多性代词 | either/neither/most | 一人分饰多角(代词/形容词/副词/连词) | 第4课 |
| some系列 | sometime/sometimes/some time/some times | 连写=时间点/频率,分开=时长/次数 | 第4课 |